家庭装修-０２

什么叫装潢监理，有哪些作用？
装潢监理是指对一般住宅和工商业用房在装潢施工过程中进行质量和收费上的监督和管理。
在目前的京城家庭装饰领域，有些装饰公司故意将报价压低，然后在施工过程中要求消费者追加工程款，这种故意欺骗消费者的做法，被形象地称之为“钓鱼”。有些消费者在选择装饰公司时，只关注装修报价，却忽视了核查整体设计和装修项目，结果在家装工程开工后，才发现自己上当受骗了。
如果两个装饰公司之间的报价相差超过30%以上，后者就有向消费者“下饵”的嫌疑。这种情况在竞争激烈的家装市场中，出现的比例最大。装饰公司以过低的价格接下了家装工程，接着就要给消费者出设计和报价，这时就是装饰公司开始“钓鱼”的第一步。
首先，装饰公司在做预算时，有意将一些项目略去。例如卫生间防水、墙壁基底处理等项目就常常在装饰公司“省略”之列。这样出来的装修报价，必然要比其他装饰公司要低。有时装饰公司还将所有项目的报价全部下压，给消费者一个错觉：这家装饰公司物美价廉，比别的装饰公司要便宜。
另外，打折的手法也是装饰公司常用的“钓饵”之一。目前装饰公司的毛利率从20%到30%不等。如果打折的幅度超过这个限度，装饰公司肯定就在玩猫腻，不是报价故意做高，就是要钓消费者。
无论装饰公司怎样伪装“钓饵”，总离不开“便宜”两个字。但装饰公司过低的价格背后，往往隐藏着一些别的东西。一旦消费者因贪图便宜而上当，就会造成很严重的后果。
消费者签订了家装施工合同，装饰公司派施工队进场施工。在工程开始后，装饰公司就开始“收线”了。
首先，装饰公司会以各种理由，要求消费者追加预算。装饰公司常用的理由无非是项目漏算、改变工艺和材料，以及公司要赔本等等。本来这些问题，在设计阶段就应该由装饰公司的设计师考虑清楚，并与消费者进行洽商的。但装饰公司到施工阶段才提出来，往往让消费者措手不及。
如果您在施工过程中，发现总是由装饰公司提出减少项目、增加预算，无疑就是装饰公司正在“收线”了。这时您要是提出按合同进行施工和交款，装饰公司往往会以停工待料、不保质量，甚至撤出工地相威胁。这时消费者再想找别的装饰公司就很困难了。
如果装饰公司在施工阶段没有如愿以偿，在工程验收时就会凶相毕露。因为如果消费者按照合同支付装修尾款，装饰公司就真的会赔本。所以在这时，装饰公司会想尽一切办法要钱。
一些装饰公司往往让施工队去向消费者要钱 ，关于这点业主就要依照正规的合同来走了。
专业的装潢监理应该是独立于业主和施工方以外的第三人，是具有法人资格的机构，它不同于一些隶属于装潢公司的自设监理人员。因为只有真正的第三方，才能站在公正的立场上维护业主的根本利益。
装潢监理是专业性很强的工作必须具备专业的业务技能和任职资格证书。
装潢监理能帮助业主考察和确定装潢承包商；审核确定设计图纸；审核确定预算价格，使预算价格与结算价基本相符合；协助业主签订装潢工程合同。在签约前，了解所需材料品牌、等级的全部清单；对进场材料进行验收；对施工工艺操作上的把关；对施工进度进行调控；对掩蔽工程、分部工程和总竣工的施工质量严格按照国家制订的标准进行验收。
社会上各种装潢公司多如牛毛，免不了有鱼目混珠者。监理公司站在公正的立场，从维护业主利益的角度出发，在整个装潢施工过程中，对装潢公司进行全面监督，消除业主在装潢房屋时，担心质量上滥竽充数、价格上被“斩一刀”的心态。

家居 标签: 家庭装修

装修-01

免费设计好，还是有偿设计好？
家庭装修设计虽然所出的图纸并不多，但它的成本却不一定低。一个设计师的工资肯定要比一个施工工人多得多，如果不交设计费，这些钱哪里出呢？一些装饰公司只好把这些成本悄悄的打入材料费、人工费、管理费等费用中，造成一些项目报价的不透明，使消费者暗中吃亏。而交了设计费，有助于各项收费的透明和规范，从而少花冤枉钱。
有偿设计还有很多好处：一是设计费单独收取，你可以从设计力量强的装饰公司单独“购买设计”，然后找施工质量好的公司进行装修；二是你交了设计费，设计师不会敷衍了事；三是如果在缴纳了设计费的前提下，你对设计不满意，可以让设计师修改到满意为止，也可以让装饰公司更换设计师为你服务。
厨房的装修应注意什么？
装修厨房时应注意以下几点
1.台面：应选用防火、防水材料制作台面。若做橱柜，最好用成品。台面的高度应以家里最常做饭的人的身高为依据来确定。通常操作台的高度为80~85厘米；水槽两侧一般应各有一个长40~60厘米的台面，一边供放置未洗过的菜，一边放置洗过的菜；如果餐桌不在厨房里，那么灶台边上还应设一块40~60厘米长的台面，用来暂时放刚出锅的菜。橱柜的背面要做挡水板，即背面要高出台面一些，以防止水流到橱柜的背面，使基材膨胀，造成开裂、脱落等想象。
2.顶面：最好吊全顶，以便于擦洗。通常用PVC、铝塑扣板吊顶。注意应选用抗老化的材料，因为厨房整天烟熏火燎的，装修材料老化的快。
3.地面：最好选用防滑地转，并且接缝要小，以减少污垢的积藏，便于打扫。厨房地面应有地漏，以便于地面的清洗和排水.
4.墙面：最好用瓷砖贴到顶，以便于擦洗。有些住宅，厨房的墙砖只贴到1.8米高，这是不够的，需要补贴到顶。
5.光线：中餐很讲究色，因此厨房内光线要充足，晚上的灯光也要够亮，并且灯光的颜色应该是白色的，否则会影响对色泽的判断，饭菜的火候不易掌握。同时还要避免灯光产生阴影，尽量不用射灯。
6.抽油烟机：由于中餐就煎、炒、烹、炸，油烟较多，所以抽油烟机要选功率大的。市场上有一种抽油烟机架，可以把抽油烟机直接搁在上面，很方便，且它的两侧是玻璃或铁皮做的隔板，既可以防止油滴四溅，也可以形成一个相对封闭的空间，使抽油烟机排油烟更彻底。必要时，还可以考虑加装一个排气扇，以保证油烟能被清除干净。
7.冰箱：一定要事先设计好冰箱的位置，以使“工作三角”设计合理。注意不要让冰箱紧挨着水槽，以免溅上水。
8.插座：厨房的电器越来越多，必须事先设计好各自的合理位置，并安好插座。应注意冰箱最好不要与其他电器共用一个插座。厨房里通常有的电器包括：冰箱、微波炉、食品加工机、电饭锅、抽油烟机、消毒柜、洗碗机、豆浆机等，应根据各自的功率，分别安装插座，避免一个接线板同时接好几个大功率电器的情况。另外，插座均需安装漏电保护装置。
9.餐橱：厨房里应有餐橱，以用来放餐具，避免餐具暴露在外。厨房里锅碗瓢盆、瓶瓶罐罐等物品既多又杂，如果暴露在外，易沾油污，且有难清洗，因此餐橱应尽量封闭；由于各种餐具、厨具大小不一，如大勺、小勺，酒杯、筷子等，混放在一起，取放很不方便，因此餐橱应多做分隔，抽屉里也最好分成大小不等的隔断，将各种餐具分门别类地存放，既方便又整齐。
10.煤气：厨房里管道很多，通常为了美观而用吊橱等把管道遮蔽起来。但应注意煤气管道不能做暗管 ，必须露在外面，煤气表也严禁移动，同时应考虑抄表是否方便。

家居 标签: 家庭装修

Bamboo flooring and maintenance of day-to-day maintenance

First, to maintain the indoor air dry conditions
Regularly to maintain indoor ventilation, can make the floor as much as possible of the volatile chemical substances, to the outdoor schedule, but also can make the indoor and outdoor exchange of moist air. In particular, no one living in the long term, maintenance of the circumstances, the indoor ventilation is even more important. Commonly used approach is: the door always open the windows or air convection, or air-conditioning and ventilation systems, so as to create a clean and dry indoor environment.
Second, to avoid sun exposure and rain soaked
Housing some direct sunlight or rain can enter through the window of the local indoor range, which would be detrimental to bamboo flooring. Sunlight will accelerate the aging of finish and plastic, but also caused by the shrinkage and cracking of the floor. Wet after rain, water bamboo absorb deformation caused by expansion, so the floor will be a serious mold. Therefore, in daily use should pay special attention.
Third, to avoid damage to the floor surface
Bamboo flooring is a floor finish of the decorative layer and a protective coating of the floor, so to avoid the impact of hard objects, the scratch tool, friction, such as metals, chemicals can not be stored indoors. In addition, moving furniture, moving should be handled with care, furniture feet should put rubber mats and so on. Public places should be in the main channel, such as carpet bedding.
Fourth, the correct cleaning care
In the course of day-to-day use should be regularly clean floors, to keep the ground clean. When cleaning, you can use a broom to clean dust and debris clean and then wring the cloth dry cleaning artificial, such as the area is too large, cloth mop can be washed, hung to drip dry and then drops to net drag the ground. Cut can not be washed, do not use wet cloth or mop to clear. Usually spilled material if there is moisture in the ground, should immediately wipe dry with a dry cloth.
If conditions permit, you can play from time to time between the wax layer of the floor in order to strengthen the protection of the floor. Paint surface if damaged, can be replaced with ordinary varnish or manufacturer to repair.

家居 标签: 地板的保养

Home maintenance: experience of six furniture rhytidectomy

Moisture away from the furniture so that
Solid wood furniture should not be stored in the room is too humid, it will become damp furniture to get up outstandingbecause this not only affects the appearance, but also shorten the service life.
In order to prevent the emergence of this problem, you must maintain a dry interior. In the humid summer, you will be the best use of thin plastic furniture parts in contact with the ground separated from the wall at the same time so that part of the furniture and walls to keep the gap distance of 0.5-1 cm, the problem will be solved.

Solid wood furniture does not love the sun
Animals and plants need the warmth of the sun, instead of solid wood furniture is also need to enjoy the sun does? Do not think you can, the sun will cause erosion of solid wood furniture, solid wood furniture should be placed in areas not

subject to sunlight, avoid prolonged exposure of furniture. If you need to place furniture in the window, you can block the ultraviolet light with curtains.

Furniture cleaning wax to choose light
We have to wipe the furniture, but would like to remind you, in time to clean the furniture, do not choose alcohol, gasoline composition of this solvent stains will wipe furniture corrosion. The best selection of wood furniture, light wood color wax, a thin veneer to the surface in daub well-distributed and then drying cloth. This fallout can be reduced to increase the sense of gloss.

And keep a distance from heat source
Solid wood furniture does not like hot places. Positioned in the choice of the time, it is necessary to avoid contact with heating the heat source, such as more hot, dry heat or furniture could affect the appearance.
If you need to put in place and close Heating could choose to use some heat-resistant material will be separated with the furniture to avoid injury.

There remain bright coup
Silk Purse with neutral soap bubble water (approximately 1:20) mixture to clean the surface of solid wood furniture. Wipe with a damp cloth, dry cloth and then dry the surface of the water stains in the wood to reduce the surface attachment of furniture, bright colors to keep the furniture.

To balance temperature and humidity
Now many families have installed air-conditioning, indoor air humidity, outdoor temperature and has a lot of difference. Some furniture will crack, which is lost as a result of solid wood moisture, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor expand when heated and contract when cooled much greater magnitude, which the wood is too dry and tendon rupture as a result caused.
Therefore, solid wood furniture in order to maintain a certain degree of moisture to keep the air humidity inside.

Solid wood furniture repair law
Maintenance shall not be treated if the furniture will be ugly cracks and scars, the impact of the appearance. Continue to let them, not look good; threw it, a pity.
This time there are problems need to do something to repair the furniture to make it back to the original style. According to the different issues, different ways to repair your own furniture in accordance with the problems, choose appropriate methods of repair.

Poor color hot marks
People sometimes inadvertently, often will be filled with hot soup bowl or cup filled with boiling water directly on the coating of solid wood furniture, so furniture will appear on the difference between an ugly scar hot color. Do not worry, in this case, you can use a little fine cloth dipped in strong tea or toilet water, gently wipe, so that marks can be burning a lot of improvement.

Minor surface scratches
Inevitably some stumble home, if there is a small baby at home, you pay no attention, he may be your favorite furniture will draw together the traces of the paint film or even falling. Regret or blame the children have nothing, it is important to repair: You can use colored pens to color according to furniture repair, and then painted the surface layer of transparent colorless nail polish, so that good results can be played.

Tables, chairs, counter cracks, holes
Furniture longer time will inevitably lead to some cracks, holes. Then find some useless as long as the books reported that it cut debris, and then adding appropriate alum, and boiled water paste, embedded crack in it. Will be very strong stem. White glue can also be used to transfer even wood chips, embedded crack, a day after polishing with sandpaper, a simple economical and effective.

家居 标签: 家居保养

Wonderful set of glass cup of life

Glass cup set is indispensable in our lives the household goods. Exquisitely carved a set of glass cups, not only met our needs, but also to our home life of the scene otherwise. The following solid-colored glass on the furniture do not have some fun.

Most suitable for the VIP banquet goblet, or a candlelight dinner for two.

Seemingly simple lines, cups and containers of flowers found in the color echoes drinks, light under the impression that the United States.

Fabric sofa cleaning methods

First of all, dry towel flap can be used in peacetime, and for periodic cleaning of fabric sofa, if the best weekly.

Handrails sofa, cushion dirty easily, it should be pretty covered in the above sofa towel or large towel.
Vacuum cleaners, the sofa's armrest, backrest and the gap must also be taken into account, but use a vacuum cleaner, do not brush with suction to prevent the destruction of textile fabrics by the weaving lines become fluffy cloth, but also to avoid large suction aspiration This may lead to woven lines break, may wish to consider using a small vacuum cleaner to clean.
In addition, the degree of wear-resistant fabric as the sofa leather sofas, it is best to avoid sitting in the same location as the old.
If found loose head, can not break it by hand, applications neatly scissors to cut flat. If the movable pad, preferably a weekly turnover to wear uniform.

Secondly, the year with a thorough cleansing using the sofa, but after the cleaning agent must be thoroughly washed off, or else get more dirt. Choose the best anti-fouling agent containing specialized cleaning agents.
Sheath of fabric sofa can be cleaned in general. Flexibility which may be set to clean at home, washing machines, large-scale cotton or linen jacket can get to do laundry.
Caution should be taken when pressing some flexibility jacket jacket is easy to dry the iron-free, even if pressed to consider the appearance of fabric, which is more appropriate for ironing the inside jacket, cotton jacket is not iron.

How to put flowers indoors harmful substances excluded

First, plant flowers in the benefits of multi-residential
According to reports, an Aster, Astragalus, including tobacco, such as Astragalus and cockscomb are a class of plants, can absorb large amount of uranium and other radionuclides; Aloe, Sansevieria Chlorophytum and to remove formaldehyde; Ivy, Rose , Rosaceae, such as aloe vera and effective removal of evergreen indoor trichlorethylene, hydrogen sulfur, benzene, phenol, hydrogen fluoride and ethyl ether, etc.; Huwei Portland, Pleione, such as Monstera and a room can absorb more than 80% of the harmful gas; Tianmen Branch to remove heavy metal particles; citrus, rosemary, etc. and can Chlorophytum indoor airborne bacteria and microorganisms greatly reduced. Chlorophytum another can also be effective in absorbing carbon dioxide; Cactus Branch Flower night some little more than carbon dioxide meat; wistaria of sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen fluoride strong resistance of chromium is also a certain degree of resistance, such as green radish leaves and the hi Water plants can maintain excellent indoor air humidity state.

Second, pay attention to the bedroom to put flowers
Despite the benefits of the family plant flowers, but flowers have to pay attention to the bedroom before, this is because during the day, flowers in photosynthesis, it was off oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide; at night, flowers do not photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and absorb oxygen out . At this time, if placed in the bedroom, flower, will be harmful to health.
1, in the bedroom at night or let go the best small flowers, in order to avoid their colleagues for oxygen, and affect health.
2, some flowers, both fresh air, but also to have some negative impact on people, so in the bedroom not beat the best place, such as Chinese rose, although to a large number of harmful gases, but its rich flavor to disseminate and does not make people depressed, breath, breathing difficulties, even severe; such as azaleas, tulips, lilies and leaves, such as orangutans wood can also absorb the volatile chemical substances, but the yellow (flowers) Rhododendron hybrid flower contains a toxin, misuse of Fresh light from poisoning, will break the history of weight (Note: the market does not sell), referred to contain most of the rhododendrons and azaleas of some volatile oil components such as Su-of bronchitis and asthma have a certain effect; tulip flowers containing a drug alkali, it is reported that contact will be too long to speed up the hair gel off, the smell of lily, people will hear a long time the hub of insomnia caused by over-excitement.
3, there are some flowers, such as pollen bauhinia been a long time will come into contact with disease-induced asthma or cough aggravated disease; mimosa mimosa alkaline body is a toxic organic compounds is mandatory, too much human contact can cause hair gel down; Tuberose circulated to stimulate the sense of smell at night particles will discourage high blood and heart disease in patients with dizziness, depressed, or even worse, but the evening primrose is a watch for the flowers, it's strong aroma, but also repellent is generally used for garden and terrace.